What key factors led to the rise of globalization in the late 20th century?

The rise of globalization in the late 20th century can be attributed primarily to technological advances and economic liberalization. Technological advancements, particularly in communication and transportation, made it significantly easier and cheaper to move goods, services, and information across borders. Innovations such as the internet, container shipping, and improved telecommunications allowed for rapid connectivity and efficiency in global trade.

Simultaneously, the economic landscape was shifting towards liberalization, with many countries moving away from protectionist policies to embrace free trade. This included the reduction of tariffs and barriers to trade, creating a more interconnected global economy. Major international agreements like the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the establishment of organizations such as the World Trade Organization (WTO) played vital roles in promoting trade liberalization, further facilitating globalization.

In contrast, factors such as increased military conflicts worldwide, the isolation of major world economies, and heightened tariffs on international trade are not aligning with the concept of globalization. Increased military conflict and economic isolation generally hinder international cooperation and trade, while heightened tariffs create barriers that disrupt the flow of goods and impede globalization.